Addressing Substance Abuse in the Workplace from an OH&S Perspective

Summary

Let’s be real—substance abuse in the workplace is a tough topic. No one wants to believe that their employees might be struggling with drug or alcohol use while on the job. But the reality is, substance abuse poses serious safety risks that can’t be ignored—especially in industries where one wrong move can lead to injuries, legal issues, or even fatalities.

If you're running a business in Calgary, workplace safety should be a top priority, and that includes tackling substance abuse head-on. The good news? There are practical, legal, and supportive ways to manage this issue without creating a culture of fear. Let’s dive in.


Why Substance Abuse is a Workplace Safety Concern

Whether it’s alcohol, prescription drugs, or illicit substances, impaired employees are a safety risk—not just to themselves, but to everyone around them. Some risks include:

  • Higher Accident Rates – Impaired judgment and slow reflexes lead to poor decision-making and workplace accidents.
  • Decreased Productivity – Substance abuse impacts focus, efficiency, and overall work performance.
  • Legal & Financial Liabilities – Employers can be held responsible for accidents caused by impaired workers, leading to lawsuits, fines, and reputation damage.
  • Toxic Work Environment – Substance abuse can lead to conflict, absenteeism, and workplace misconduct, impacting morale.

According to the Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety (CCOHS), substance abuse in the workplace contributes to 40% of industrial fatalities in Canada. That’s not a statistic businesses can afford to ignore. More on this here:
https://www.ccohs.ca/oshanswers/psychosocial/substance.html

How to Tackle Substance Abuse in Your Workplace

1. Implement a Clear Drug & Alcohol Policy 

A well-written substance use policy is your first line of defense in maintaining a safe and legally compliant workplace. It ensures employees clearly understand what’s expected of them and what the consequences are for violating those expectations. Your policy should:

  • Clearly define prohibited substances—including recreational drugs, alcohol, and the misuse of prescription medications
  • Outline when and how drug and alcohol testing will be conducted (pre-employment, post-incident, random, etc.)
  • Specify the disciplinary steps for non-compliance, including potential termination or rehabilitation pathways
  • Provide resources and support options for employees who may be struggling with substance use

Having this framework in place helps protect both the employer and employees, and it sets the tone for a respectful, safe, and productive workplace.

The Government of Alberta provides detailed guidance to help you build a legally sound policy:
https://www.alberta.ca/workplace-drug-and-alcohol-policies.aspx


2. Introduce Workplace Drug & Alcohol Testing (Legally & Fairly!)

Drug and alcohol testing can play a critical role in maintaining safety, particularly in high-risk or safety-sensitive industries—but it must be done the right way. Testing should be:

  • Non-discriminatory
  • Consistent across the organization
  • Aligned with Canadian privacy and human rights legislation

Common types of testing include:

  • Pre-employment testing for safety-sensitive roles (e.g., drivers, heavy equipment operators)
  • Post-incident testing when accidents or near misses occur
  • Random testing in industries like construction, oil & gas, and transportation where impairment could be deadly

For best practices and legal compliance, refer to this guidance from the Canadian Human Rights Commission:
https://www.chrc-ccdp.gc.ca/en/resources/guidelines-drug-and-alcohol-testing


3. Train Managers to Recognize and Respond 

Your frontline leaders—managers, supervisors, and safety officers—need to be prepared to act when impairment is suspected. Proper training ensures they know how to:

  • Recognize early physical and behavioral indicators of drug or alcohol use (slurred speech, disorientation, erratic behavior)
  • Document concerns accurately and professionally, without bias or speculation
  • Respond with tact and confidence, following your policy without accusations or conflict

This training reduces the risk of mishandled situations, wrongful accusations, and legal liability.

Need help? We offer Manager & Supervisor OH&S Training tailored to recognizing impairment and responding within legal and respectful boundaries:
https://calgarysafetyconsultants.ca/Full-Training-Offerings


4. Support Employees with Assistance Programs

A strong safety culture doesn’t just enforce rules—it also supports people. When employees know they can seek help without shame or punishment, they’re more likely to step forward before safety is compromised. Consider offering:

  • Employee Assistance Programs (EAPs) with access to mental health and addiction support
  • Confidential counseling or rehabilitation referrals for those struggling
  • Structured return-to-work programs for employees recovering from substance-related issues

This approach not only protects your workplace—it can help save lives.

Need help now? The Alberta Health Services Addiction Helpline (1-866-332-2322) is free, confidential, and available 24/7:
https://www.albertahealthservices.ca/amh/amh.aspx

How Calgary Safety Consultants Can Help

At Calgary Safety Consultants, we help businesses develop comprehensive safety policies that address workplace substance abuse without compromising fairness or compliance. Here’s how we can support your organization:

Drug & Alcohol Policy Development – We help create legally sound policies that protect your business and employees. Learn more:
https://calgarysafetyconsultants.ca/ohs-consulting

Manager & Supervisor Training – Equip your leadership team with the skills to recognize and manage substance-related safety risks. Full training details here:
https://calgarysafetyconsultants.ca/Full-Training-Offerings

Workplace Safety Audits – We assess your safety policies, compliance status, and recommend improvements to minimize risks. Book an audit:
https://calgarysafetyconsultants.ca/

COR Auditing & Compliance Support – If you're looking to get COR-certified and improve your safety culture, we can help:
https://calgarysafetyconsultants.ca/cor-auditing

Final Thoughts

Addressing substance abuse in the workplace isn’t about discipline or punishment—it’s about creating a culture where safety, accountability, and compassion coexist. Substance use can impact focus, reaction time, judgment, and overall performance—posing serious risks not only to the individual but also to coworkers, clients, and the broader operation. By taking a proactive approach, employers send a clear message: safety is a priority, and support is available. This isn’t just good risk management—it’s a commitment to the well-being of your team.

Implementing clear and legally compliant policies, providing fair and respectful testing procedures, training supervisors to respond appropriately, and offering access to confidential support programs are all essential components of a balanced and effective strategy. Together, these measures not only help prevent workplace incidents—they also demonstrate leadership, build trust, and ensure that employees who may be struggling with substance use are met with resources and dignity, not fear or stigma. In doing so, your business not only stays compliant—it becomes a safer, healthier place for everyone.

Book your complimentary consultation today

Stay safe, stay compliant, and keep your business running smoothly!

FAQs on Addressing Substance Abuse in the Workplace from an OH&S Perspective

Substance abuse impacts workplace safety, productivity, and morale. It also poses legal risks under Alberta’s OH&S laws, which require employers to ensure a safe work environment.

A policy should define prohibited substances, address legal cannabis use, outline testing procedures, establish reporting processes, set consequences, and provide access to support resources.

Testing is not mandated in Alberta but may be implemented in high-risk industries, such as construction or oil and gas. Policies must comply with privacy laws.

Secure Your Workplace Safety Today

Calgary Safety Consultants is here to help you ensure compliance, enhance safety, and streamline your OH&S program. Don’t wait—fill out the form, and we’ll connect with you to discuss how we can support your business. Let’s get started!